Proceeding of International Conference Social Technology Education and Health Science

Strengthening Premarital and Preconception Education as an Effort to Increase Healthy Pregnancy Readiness in Midwifery Care

Dzul Istiqomah Hasyim — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Purpose: This article aims to analyze the importance of premarital and preconception health education within midwifery care as an early strategy to improve maternal health outcomes and reduce preventable pregnancy risks.

Literature Review: The literature review highlights persistent maternal health challenges, including high prevalence of anemia among women of reproductive age, unplanned pregnancies, and limited utilization of preconception services. National and international studies indicate that inadequate knowledge before conception contributes significantly to high-risk pregnancies and maternal complications.

Methodology: This study employed a descriptive qualitative literature review design. Scientific articles, national reports, and international guidelines published within the last ten years were collected from reputable databases. Selected literature was analyzed thematically to identify patterns related to premarital and preconception education, midwifery roles, and maternal health outcomes.

Results: The review findings demonstrate that structured premarital and preconception education significantly improves women’s knowledge, nutritional readiness, anemia prevention behaviors, and early detection of pregnancy risks. Studies consistently report positive associations between preconception counseling and reduced incidence of high-risk pregnancies.

Conclusions: Premarital and preconception care is a critical component of comprehensive midwifery services and should be strengthened as part of maternal health promotion strategies.

Recommendations: Midwives are encouraged to integrate systematic premarital and preconception education into routine services through community-based and facility-based approaches.

Additional Data: National reports indicate that maternal mortality and anemia prevalence remain public health priorities, emphasizing the urgency of early preventive interventions before pregnancy.

Effectiveness of Educational Videos on Tuberculosis Prevention: A Community-Based Study among Household Contacts

Nur Fadhilah, Aulia Maharani, Rahmat Efendi — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Purpose: The high incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in Pringsewu District, particularly in the Ambarawa Community Health Center (Puskesmas) working area, requires serious attention, especially for high-risk households with TB patients.

Literature Review: Conventional education methods are considered suboptimal in changing preventive behaviors. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of educational videos in improving knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to TB prevention.

Methodology: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test with a control group. The population consisted of families living with TB patients at the Ambarawa Community Health Center, with a total sampling technique of 26 respondents divided into an intervention group (video) and a control group (leaflet). Data analysis used the Paired T-Test and Independent T-Test.

Result: The results showed that the intervention group experienced a significant increase in knowledge (p-value 0.007), attitude (p-value 0.000), and practice (p-value 0.000). In contrast, the control group experienced a decline in attitude and practice.

Conclusions: There was a significant difference in effectiveness between the use of educational videos and leaflets. Digital-based educational videos proved to be effective in improving family competence in TB prevention.

Recommendations: It is recommended that community health centers utilize video media as a routine health promotion strategy.

Adolescent Pregnancy in Lampung Province (Analysis The Indonesian Survey Status Nutrition Data of 2022)

Talisa Rahmawati, Elmi Nuryati, Marlinda Marlinda — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors influencing adolescent pregnancy in Lampung Province using data from the 2022 Indonesian National Nutrition Status Survey (SSGI), with a particular focus on the role of educational level.
Literature Review: Adolescent pregnancy remains a significant public health concern because it is associated with increased maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, school dropout, psychological problems, and limited socioeconomic opportunities. Previous studies have consistently identified low educational attainment as one of the strongest predictors of early pregnancy due to limited reproductive health knowledge and reduced access to health information.
Methodology: A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed using secondary data from the 2022 SSGI, involving 1,828 women who experienced their first pregnancy between the ages of 12 and 19 years. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression.
Results: The findings revealed a significant association between educational level and adolescent pregnancy (p = 0.043; OR = 0.292; 95% CI: 0.089–0.960), indicating that adolescents with only basic education were more likely to experience early pregnancy than those with higher educational attainment.
Conclusions: Low educational level is an important determinant of adolescent pregnancy in Lampung Province.
Recommendations: Strengthening access to quality education, implementing comprehensive sexuality and reproductive health education in schools, and expanding community-based reproductive health promotion programs are recommended to reduce adolescent pregnancy.
Additional: Future research should investigate other contributing factors, such as socioeconomic status, early marriage, family support, contraceptive use, and access to reproductive health services, using longitudinal study designs to better establish causal relationships.

The Relationship Between Stress Levels and Menstrual Cycles in Junior High School Girls N 1 Pringsewu

Yeti Septiasari, Desi Ari Madiyanti, Septia Nurjanah — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the relationship between stress levels and menstrual cycle regularity among adolescent girls at SMP Negeri 1 Pringsewu in 2025.
Literature Review: Menstrual cycle irregularities are common reproductive health problems in adolescents, with psychological stress recognized as an important contributing factor due to its effects on the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis and hormonal balance. Previous studies have reported that increased stress is associated with menstrual disorders.
Methodology: A quantitative analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 46 female students selected through proportional random sampling from a population of 86 students. Stress levels were measured using the DASS-42 questionnaire, while menstrual cycle regularity was assessed using an observation sheet. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test with a significance level of 95% (α = 0.05).
Results: Most respondents experienced moderate stress (52.3%) and had regular menstrual cycles (77.9%). Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between stress levels and menstrual cycle regularity (p = 0.003), indicating that higher stress levels were associated with an increased likelihood of irregular menstruation.
Conclusions: Stress is a significant factor influencing menstrual cycle regularity among adolescent girls and should be considered in adolescent reproductive health programs.
Recommendations: Schools and healthcare providers should strengthen stress management and reproductive health education through counseling, healthy lifestyle promotion, and psychological support. Future research is recommended to include larger sample sizes, longitudinal designs, and additional variables such as nutritional status, physical activity, sleep quality, body mass index, and hormonal biomarkers to better understand factors affecting menstrual cycle regularity. The findings provide valuable evidence for developing school-based interventions to improve adolescents' reproductive and mental health.

Hatha Yoga for Vasomotor Symptoms of the Climacteric Period

Analia Kunang, Farah Faadhila — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: The climacteric period is a complex physiological transition phase in women, characterized by a decrease in estrogen levels that affects various body systems. One of the main symptoms commonly experienced includes vasomotor symptoms such as hot flushes, night sweats, sleep disturbances, and mood changes. Up to 80% of menopausal women experience vasomotor symptoms, and about 20% experience a high intensity that persists for years. Medical treatments such as hormone replacement therapy (HRT) are indeed effective, but long-term use poses risks of causing breast cancer, liver disease, and metabolic disorders. Therefore, non-pharmacological interventions based on complementary therapies serve as an alternative to address these issues. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of modified Hatha Yoga in improving sleep quality in menopausal women. Modifications were made by adjusting the variations of yoga movements, as well as the duration and frequency of exercises tailored to the physical capacity of menopausal women.
Methods: This study utilized a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test with control group approach. The sample consisted of 60 women aged 40–65 years who were divided into intervention and control groups, recruited through a purposive sampling technique. The intervention was administered for four weeks, twice a week, focusing entirely on Hatha Yoga practice sessions. Data collection was conducted using the Menopausal Rating Scale (MRS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires.
Results: Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, normality tests, homogeneity tests, paired t-tests, independent t-tests, and ANOVA to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.

The Correlation Between Mothers' Knowledge And Behavior In Preventing Stunting In Toddlers In Banyumas Village, The Working Area Of The Banyumas Community Health Center (UPTD) In 2025

Dayana Noprida, Nurwinda Saputri — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Stunting remains a major public health problem that adversely affects children's physical growth, cognitive development, and future productivity. Maternal knowledge plays a crucial role in shaping preventive behaviors related to child nutrition and health, making it an important determinant in reducing the risk of stunting.
Literature Review: Previous studies have demonstrated that mothers with better knowledge are more likely to adopt appropriate childcare practices, including providing balanced nutrition, exclusive breastfeeding, complementary feeding, and routine growth monitoring, which contribute to stunting prevention.
Methodology: This study employed an analytical survey with a cross-sectional design involving 66 mothers of children under five in Banyumas Village, within the working area of the Banyumas Community Health Center (UPTD). Respondents were selected using stratified sampling, and data were collected through structured questionnaires assessing maternal knowledge and stunting prevention behavior. The association between variables was analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results: The findings showed that 56.1% of respondents had good knowledge regarding stunting prevention, while 68.2% demonstrated positive preventive behaviors. Statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between maternal knowledge and stunting prevention behavior (p = 0.000), indicating that higher maternal knowledge was associated with better preventive practices. Discussion: The findings suggest that adequate maternal knowledge contributes to positive behavioral changes in preventing stunting, supporting previous evidence that health education improves maternal awareness and child health practices. Conclusion: Maternal knowledge is significantly associated with stunting prevention behavior among mothers of children under five in Banyumas Village.
Recommendation: Health workers should strengthen nutrition education and counseling programs to improve maternal knowledge and promote sustainable behavioral changes for effective stunting prevention.

The Effectiveness of Nutrition Education on Dates (Phoenix dactylifera) Consumption in Improving Anemia Prevention Knowledge Among Preconception Women

Mufidah Mufidah, Dewi Latifah — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Anemia remains a major global public health issue, particularly among women of reproductive age, including those in the preconception period.
Literature Review:The World Health Organization estimates that more than 500 million women worldwide are affected. In Indonesia, anemia prevalence reaches 22.7% among women of reproductive age and increases to 48.9% during pregnancy, indicating that anemia often begins before conception. Preconception anemia is associated with adverse outcomes such as low birth weight, preterm birth, and maternal complications. One of the main causes is inadequate intake of iron-rich foods. Therefore, improving dietary habits through accessible food sources is essential. Dates (Phoenix dactylifera) are rich in iron, folate, vitamin C, and antioxidants that support hemoglobin synthesis. Nutrition education has been shown to improve knowledge and dietary behavior. Preliminary data in Rejosari showed 6% anemia prevalence, highlighting the need for intervention. This study evaluates the effectiveness of nutrition education on date consumption in improving anemia prevention knowledge.
Methods: A pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design was used involving 25 preconception women in Pringsewu, Indonesia. Participants received nutrition education on date consumption through lectures, discussions, and leaflets. Knowledge was measured using a validated questionnaire before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test (p < 0.05).
Results: The findings showed a significant improvement in participants’ knowledge following the intervention. Before the education session, 68% of participants had moderate knowledge and 32% had good knowledge. After the intervention, 80% of participants demonstrated good knowledge, while only 20% remained in the moderate category. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between pretest and posttest scores (p = 0.001), indicating that nutrition education on date consumption was effective in improving knowledge of anemia prevention.

Triage Accuracy and Nurses’ Response Time in Emergency Departments : Evidence from two Hospitals in Tulang Bawang, Indonesia

Tiara Tiara, Cynthia Puspariny, Dayana Noprida — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Emergency Department (ED) services require accurate triage and rapid nurse response times to ensure timely management of critically ill patients and reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality. Delays or inaccuracies in triage may lead to inappropriate patient prioritization, delayed interventions, and poorer clinical outcomes. Therefore, evaluating the relationship between triage accuracy and nurse response time is essential to improve the quality and efficiency of emergency care.Literature Review: Previous studies have demonstrated that triage accuracy is a key determinant of effective emergency services, as it enables nurses to prioritize patients according to the severity of their conditions and initiate appropriate interventions promptly. Accurate triage has been associated with shorter response times, improved patient safety, and enhanced emergency department performance. Methodology: This study employed an analytical survey using a cross-sectional design involving 30 Emergency Department nurses from Mutiara Bunda Hospital and Penawar Medika Hospital, Tulang Bawang Regency, Lampung Province. Total sampling was applied, and data were collected using a triage accuracy questionnaire and a nurse response time observation checklist. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses, with the Chi-Square test used to determine the association between triage accuracy and nurse response time. Results: The findings showed that 93.3% of nurses performed accurate triage and 93.3% demonstrated rapid response times. Conversely, nurses with inaccurate triage exhibited slow to very slow response times (100%). Chi-Square analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between triage accuracy and nurse response time (p = 0.000), indicating that accurate triage was associated with faster nursing responses in emergency situations. Discussion: These findings suggest that accurate triage enhances nurses’ ability to identify patient priorities and deliver timely emergency interventions, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of emergency care. The results are consistent with previous evidence indicating that appropriate triage practices contribute to faster response times and better patient outcomes. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between triage accuracy and nurse response time in the Emergency Departments of Mutiara Bunda Hospital and Penawar Medika Hospital, with accurate triage contributing to more rapid emergency nursing responses. Recommendation: Hospitals should strengthen continuous triage education, competency-based training, and regular evaluations of emergency nurses to improve triage accuracy and optimize response times, ultimately enhancing the quality of emergency services and patient safety.

The Correlation Between Reward Provision and Nurses’ Work Motivation In The Inpatient Ward Of Az-Zahra General Hospital Kalirejo

Nur Hasanah, Tuti Handayani, Sari Riskiana — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Nurses’ work motivation is an essential factor influencing the quality of nursing services, as it affects job performance, responsibility, and commitment in delivering patient care. One of the strategies to enhance nurses’ motivation is the provision of rewards, which serves as an important component of human resource management by recognizing employee performance and encouraging greater work engagement. Literature Review: Previous studies have shown that fair and appropriate reward systems positively influence nurses’ work motivation, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and service quality. Both financial and non-financial rewards contribute to increased employee performance by fostering appreciation and motivation in the workplace. Methodology: This study employed a quantitative analytic design with a cross-sectional approach involving 44 staff nurses working in the inpatient ward of Az-Zahra General Hospital Kalirejo in 2025. Total sampling was used to recruit all eligible respondents. Data were collected using structured questionnaires on reward provision and nurses’ work motivation and were analyzed through univariate and bivariate analyses using the Chi-Square test. Results: The findings revealed that most nurses perceived the reward provision as good (68.2%), while 63.6% demonstrated high work motivation. The Chi-Square analysis showed a statistically significant correlation between reward provision and nurses’ work motivation (p = 0.000), indicating that nurses who perceived better rewards tended to have higher work motivation. Discussion: These findings suggest that an effective reward system plays an important role in improving nurses’ motivation by increasing their sense of appreciation, responsibility, and commitment to providing high-quality nursing care. The results support previous evidence that reward provision is an important determinant of employee motivation and organizational performance in healthcare settings. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between reward provision and nurses’ work motivation in the inpatient ward of Az-Zahra General Hospital Kalirejo, indicating that better reward systems are associated with higher levels of work motivation. Recommendation: Hospital management should maintain and continuously improve fair, transparent, and sustainable reward systems, including both financial and non-financial incentives, to strengthen nurses’ work motivation and improve the quality of nursing services.

Supervision with Work Motivation of Nurses in The Inpatient Ward of Puti Bungsu Maternity Hospital

Diny Vellyana, Asri Rahmawati, Marlinda Marlinda — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background The performance of nurses in providing health services is closely related to their motivation in doing work. Literature Review:In order to maintain good work motivation, good supervision is needed from the health service provider to the nurses. The results of the pre-survey at RSIA Puti Bungsu show that there are still nurses who are not very motivated in carrying out their work even though supervision activities have been carried out. Based on these conditions, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between supervision and work motivation of nurses at RSIA Putu Bungsu Central Lampung. Methods: The research method used a quantitative descriptive method with a cross-sectional approach and univariate and bivariate analysis using the frequency distribution formula and the chi square test. The population in this study were all nurses in the inpatient room of RSIA Puti Bungsu, with a total sample of 30 people taken using a total sampling technique. The instrument used is the questionnaire. Results: The results of the study showed that most of the respondents were aged 35-45 years, female with Diploma III Nursing education, and working period < 5 years, 14 people (46.7%) had poor supervision, 12 people (40 %). There is a relationship between supervision and work motivation of nurses with p value: 0.030 and OR: 7.800. Conclusion: The results of this study can be used as input to improve the abilities of supervisors in providing supervision to nurses and continue to refresh or update related nursing competencies to make them more motivated to do their jobs.

The Effect of dhikr Therapy in Pregnant Women in the Third Trimester on Anxiety Before Childbirth

Istikomah Istikomah, Siska Cahyati — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Anxiety before childbirth is a common psychological condition experienced by pregnant women in the third trimester and can negatively affect the labor process and outcomes. One non-pharmacological intervention that may help reduce anxiety is dhikr therapy, a spiritual relaxation technique involving the repetitive recitation of tasbih, tahmid, takbir, and tahlil in a calm and mindful manner. This study aimed to determine the effect of dhikr therapy on anxiety levels among third-trimester pregnant women before childbirth at independent midwife’s practice Yusari Asih Pringsewu, Lampung. Methods: This research employed a Pra-experimental design with a One Group Pretest–Posttest approach. A total of 35 third-trimester pregnant women were recruited using total sampling. The dhikr therapy intervention was administered for 14 days, with each session lasting 15–20 minutes. Anxiety levels were measured before and after the intervention using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with a significance level of α = 0.05. Results: The results showed that before the intervention, most respondents experienced severe anxiety (60%). After completing the dhikr therapy sessions, anxiety levels decreased, with 51.4% experiencing mild anxiety and 34.3% reporting no anxiety. The Wilcoxon test yielded a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant effect of dhikr therapy on reducing anxiety among third-trimester pregnant women before childbirth. In conclusion, dhikr therapy is effective in lowering anxiety levels and can be recommended as a spiritual, non-pharmacological intervention within midwifery care to enhance the mental and spiritual readiness of pregnant women approaching labor.

Analysis of Nursing Diagnosis Implementation for Third Trimester Pregnant Women Based on SDKI at RSIA Mutiara Hati

Cikwanto Cikwanto, Marliana Aulia Sari, Nur Hasanah — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Establishing accurate nursing diagnoses is a fundamental component of the nursing process that guides appropriate interventions and improves the quality of patient care. The implementation of standardized nursing diagnoses based on the Standard Diagnosis Keperawatan Indonesia (SDKI) is essential to ensure consistency, accuracy, and effectiveness in nursing practice, particularly for third-trimester pregnant women who experience various physiological and psychological changes. Literature Review: Previous studies have emphasized that the use of standardized nursing diagnoses enhances clinical decision-making, improves communication among healthcare professionals, and supports the delivery of evidence-based nursing care. The SDKI provides standardized terminology and diagnostic criteria that facilitate accurate identification of patients' nursing problems. Methodology: This descriptive analytic study aimed to analyze nursing diagnoses in third-trimester pregnant women based on the SDKI. The study involved 28 respondents selected using an accidental sampling technique at Mutiara Hati Gading Rejo Hospital, Pringsewu Regency. Data were analyzed using the Pearson Product Moment correlation test to assess validity and Cronbach’s Alpha to evaluate the reliability of the identified nursing diagnoses. Results: The study identified nine potential nursing diagnoses in third-trimester pregnant women. The nursing diagnoses of ineffective breathing pattern, constipation, anxiety, disturbed sleep pattern, impaired comfort, activity intolerance, and risk for falls were found to be valid and reliable. In contrast, the diagnoses of acute pain and impaired urinary elimination were determined to be invalid and unreliable. Discussion: The findings indicate that most nursing diagnoses included in the SDKI are appropriate for use in assessing third-trimester pregnant women, supporting standardized nursing documentation and improving the accuracy of nursing care planning. However, the invalidity of acute pain and impaired urinary elimination diagnoses suggests the need for further refinement of diagnostic indicators to ensure their applicability in this population. Conclusion: Seven SDKI-based nursing diagnoses demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability for third-trimester pregnant women, while two diagnoses require further evaluation. Recommendation: Nurses are encouraged to consistently apply the SDKI as the standard reference for establishing nursing diagnoses in third-trimester pregnant women, and the Indonesian National Nurses Association (PPNI) is recommended to use these findings as evidence for evaluating and refining future editions of the SDKI.

Factors Influencing Self-Care Management in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Diabetic Ketoacidosis Complications At Alimuddin Umar Hospital, West Lampung In 2025

Marin i MT, Rita Sari, Suzanna Suzanna — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious acute complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that is closely associated with inadequate self-care, delayed symptom recognition, and poor treatment adherence. Effective self-care is essential to prevent DKA recurrence and improve patient outcomes. Literature Review: Previous studies have shown that diabetes knowledge and family support positively influence self-care behaviors, while disease duration and comorbidities may affect patients’ ability to manage their condition effectively. Methodology: This cross-sectional study investigated determinants of self-care management among 29 T2DM patients with DKA treated at RSUD Alimuddin Umar, West Lampung, in 2025 using total sampling. Self-care was assessed using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA), diabetes knowledge using the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ), and family support using the Hensarling Diabetes Family Support Scale (HDFSS). Data were analyzed using Spearman correlation and binary logistic regression. Results: Most participants demonstrated good self-care management (62.1%). Diabetes knowledge, family support, and comorbidity were positively associated with self-care, whereas longer duration of diabetes showed a negative association. Multivariate analysis confirmed that diabetes knowledge, family support, duration of diabetes, and comorbidity were significant predictors of self-care, while age and sex were not significant. Family support emerged as the strongest predictor. Discussion: These findings emphasize the critical role of family involvement and patient education in promoting effective self-care behaviors and reducing the risk of DKA recurrence. Conclusion: Family support is the most influential determinant of self-care management among T2DM patients with DKA. Recommendation: Healthcare providers should implement structured diabetes education and family-centered interventions to strengthen self-care practices, improve treatment adherence, and reduce the recurrence of diabetic ketoacidosis.

The Effectiveness of Community-Based Education and Supervision in Improving the Knowledge and Skills of Community Health Workers in Identifying Suspected Tuberculosis Cases

Mery Elita, Nur Fadhilah — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health challenge, with approximately 10.6 million new cases and 1.3 million deaths reported worldwide in 2023. Indonesia ranks second globally in TB burden, highlighting the need for effective community-based strategies to strengthen early case detection. Community health workers play a crucial role in identifying suspected TB cases; however, limited knowledge and skills may hinder optimal case finding. Literature Review: Previous studies have demonstrated that community-based education and supportive supervision improve the knowledge, skills, and performance of community health workers in disease prevention and early case detection. Continuous training and mentoring have been shown to strengthen community participation and enhance the effectiveness of TB control programs. Methodology: This quantitative pre-experimental study examined the effectiveness of community-based education and supervision in improving community health workers’ knowledge and skills in identifying suspected tuberculosis cases in West Lampung Regency in 2025. A total of 43 respondents were recruited through consecutive sampling and assigned to intervention and control groups. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and standardized assessment procedures and analyzed using descriptive statistics and the independent t-test. Results: In the intervention group, the proportion of respondents with good knowledge increased from 27.3% before the intervention to 77.3% after the intervention, while good skills improved from 9.1% to 63.6%. In contrast, the control group showed only minimal and inconsistent changes. Statistical analysis demonstrated significant improvements in both knowledge and skills among participants receiving community-based education and supervision. Discussion: These findings indicate that structured education combined with continuous supervision effectively enhances the competency of community health workers in detecting suspected TB cases, supporting previous evidence on the importance of capacity-building interventions in community-based TB control. Conclusion: Community-based education and supervision significantly improve the knowledge and skills of community health workers in tuberculosis case detection. Recommendation: Health authorities should integrate regular training and continuous supervision into tuberculosis prevention and control programs to sustain community health workers’ competencies and strengthen early case detection.

Analysis of the Relationship Between Wound Care Methods And Social Support On The Healing Of Diabetic Ulcers In Patients At Alimuddin Umar Regional General Hospital, West Lampung, 2025

Rini Anggraini, Elmi Nuryati, Fitra Pringgayuda — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Diabetes mellitus complicated by diabetic ulcers remains a major health problem due to its high risk of infection, prolonged hospitalization, and lower-limb amputation. Effective wound management and adequate psychosocial support are essential to promote wound healing and improve patient outcomes. Modern wound care techniques have been widely adopted to accelerate tissue repair, while social support may enhance patients’ adherence to treatment and self-care during the healing process. Literature Review: Previous studies have reported that modern wound care provides a moist wound environment that facilitates tissue regeneration and reduces infection risk. In addition, strong social support from family and caregivers has been associated with better treatment adherence, improved coping strategies, and faster wound healing among patients with diabetic ulcers. Methodology: This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design involving 60 patients with diabetic ulcers at Alimuddin Umar Regional General Hospital, West Lampung. Respondents were selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and observation sheets and analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Results: Univariate analysis showed that 60.0% of patients experienced improved wound healing, while 40.0% had delayed healing. Bivariate analysis demonstrated significant relationships between modern wound care methods and diabetic ulcer healing (p = 0.001; OR = 20.091), as well as between social support and wound healing (p = 0.001; OR = 26.714). Multivariate analysis confirmed that both modern wound care methods (p = 0.039; OR = 7.244) and social support (p = 0.001; OR = 14.237) significantly influenced wound healing, with social support identified as the strongest predictor. Discussion: These findings highlight that optimal wound care combined with strong social support improves patient adherence, motivation, and coping mechanisms, thereby accelerating diabetic ulcer healing. Conclusion: Modern wound care methods and social support are significant determinants of diabetic ulcer healing, with social support emerging as the dominant factor. Recommendation: Healthcare providers should optimize evidence-based wound care practices while strengthening family and caregiver involvement to improve healing outcomes and reduce complications among patients with diabetic ulcers.

The Effect Of Lavender Aromatherapy On Pain Levels In Postoperative Patients

Yogi Budi Santoso, Elmi Nuryati, Suzanna Suzanna, Fitra Pringayuda — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of lavender aromatherapy in reducing postoperative pain among patients at Medika Insani Hospital. Literature Review: Postoperative pain remains one of the most common complications following surgery, affecting approximately 60% of patients and potentially delaying recovery. Previous studies have demonstrated that lavender aromatherapy possesses relaxing and analgesic properties, making it a promising complementary intervention for postoperative pain management. Methodology: A quantitative study with a pre-experimental design involving an intervention group and a control group was conducted. A total of 30 respondents were selected using purposive sampling, with 15 participants in each group. Pain intensity was measured before and after the intervention using a standardized pain assessment scale, and data were analyzed using an independent test. Results: The mean pain score in the intervention group decreased from 5.40 to 2.67, while the control group showed a reduction from 4.93 to 3.27. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference between the groups (p = 0.001), indicating that lavender aromatherapy effectively reduced postoperative pain. Conclusions: Lavender aromatherapy is an effective complementary therapy for reducing postoperative pain and improving patient comfort. Recommendations: Healthcare providers are encouraged to incorporate lavender aromatherapy into routine postoperative nursing care, and future studies should involve larger samples and multicenter settings to strengthen the evidence. Additional Data: Lavender aromatherapy is a low-cost, non-invasive, safe, and easy-to-administer intervention with minimal side effects, making it feasible for routine clinical practice.

Effectiveness Of Bibliotherapy And Spiritual Guidance Therapy On The Quality Of Life Of Diabetes Mellitus Patients At Muhammadiyah Metro General Hospital

Hestia Devi, Arena Lestari, Sri Yulia — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of bibliotherapy, spiritual therapy in the form of pastoral guidance, and a combination of both interventions in improving the quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus. Literature Review: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that negatively affects patients' physical, psychological, social, and spiritual well-being, leading to a decline in quality of life. Previous studies have shown that bibliotherapy and spiritual therapy may improve psychological adaptation and coping, but evidence regarding their combined effectiveness remains limited. Methodology: This study employed a quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design with three intervention groups, each consisting of 15 patients (total n = 45), conducted at Muhammadiyah Metro General Hospital. Quality of life was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQoL) instrument. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests, mixed ANCOVA, and Bonferroni post hoc tests. Results: Significant improvements in quality of life were observed in all groups (p < 0.001). The combined intervention demonstrated the greatest improvement, with a mean score increasing from 63.53 to 76.60, and was significantly more effective than bibliotherapy alone (mean difference = 6.345; p < 0.001) and spiritual therapy alone (mean difference = 2.752; p = 0.037). Conclusions: The combination of bibliotherapy and spiritual therapy was the most effective intervention for improving the quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus. Recommendations: Healthcare professionals should consider integrating both interventions into holistic nursing care for patients with diabetes mellitus, while future multicenter studies with larger samples are recommended. Additional Data: The combined intervention is non-pharmacological, low-cost, easy to implement, and supports holistic patient-centered care by addressing psychosocial and spiritual needs.

The Effectiveness of Infrared Therapy And Vacuum Technique In Wound Care On The Healing Of Diabetic Ulcers

Hardiansyah Putra, Rita Sari, Fitra Pringgayuda — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers are one of the most common chronic complications of diabetes mellitus and are associated with prolonged wound healing, increased risk of infection, amputation, and reduced quality of life. Various wound care interventions, including conventional wound care, infrared therapy, and negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), have been developed to accelerate wound healing and improve clinical outcomes. Literature Review: Previous studies have shown that infrared therapy enhances tissue perfusion and cellular regeneration through thermal effects, while vacuum-based wound care (NPWT) promotes granulation tissue formation, reduces edema, and removes wound exudate more effectively than conventional methods. These interventions have demonstrated superior wound healing outcomes and support the implementation of evidence-based nursing practice. Methodology: This quasi-experimental study employed a pretest–posttest design involving three intervention groups, each consisting of 10 patients with diabetic foot ulcers (total n = 30) treated at RSU Muhammadiyah Metro. Wound healing was evaluated using the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BWAT). Data were analyzed using paired t-tests to assess within-group changes, mixed ANCOVA to compare intervention effectiveness while controlling for age, duration of diabetes mellitus, and random blood glucose levels, and Bonferroni post hoc tests for pairwise comparisons. Results: All intervention groups demonstrated significant improvements in wound healing. The infrared therapy group showed a mean reduction of 9.60 points in BWAT scores (p < 0.001), while the vacuum technique group achieved the greatest improvement with a mean reduction of 9.90 points (p < 0.001). The conventional wound care group also experienced significant improvement, although with a smaller mean reduction of 2.20 points (p < 0.001). ANCOVA revealed significant differences in effectiveness among the three interventions (p < 0.05), and Bonferroni post hoc analysis confirmed that the vacuum technique was the most effective method, followed by infrared therapy, compared with conventional wound care. Discussion: These findings indicate that advanced wound care modalities, particularly vacuum therapy, are more effective than conventional wound care in promoting diabetic ulcer healing by enhancing tissue regeneration and accelerating the wound repair process. Conclusion: Vacuum-based wound care is the most effective intervention for improving diabetic foot ulcer healing, followed by infrared therapy, providing strong evidence to support evidence-based nursing practice. Recommendation: Healthcare institutions should consider integrating vacuum-based wound care and infrared therapy into standard diabetic ulcer management protocols while enhancing nurses’ competencies through continuous evidence-based wound care training.

The Effectiveness Of Back Massage On Reducing Fatigue In Patients With Congestive Heart Failure At Urip Sumoharjo Hospital, Bandar Lampung

Rangga Pratama, Gunawan Irianto, Nur Fadhilah — Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of back massage in reducing fatigue levels among patients with congestive heart failure at Urip Sumoharjo General Hospital, Bandar Lampung. Literature Review: Congestive heart failure is a chronic cardiovascular disease frequently associated with persistent fatigue caused by decreased cardiac output and limited activity tolerance, leading to reduced quality of life and poorer clinical outcomes. Previous studies have reported that back massage promotes relaxation, improves blood circulation, reduces muscle tension, and may alleviate fatigue as a complementary nursing intervention. Methodology: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest control group approach. A total of 38 participants were equally assigned to an intervention group and a control group. Fatigue levels were assessed using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue (FACIT-F) instrument and analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Results: The median fatigue score in the intervention group improved from 24 before the intervention to 44 after the intervention, indicating a significant reduction in fatigue severity, whereas the control group showed only a slight change from 34 to 39. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in fatigue in the intervention group and a significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions: Back massage is an effective complementary intervention for reducing fatigue among patients with congestive heart failure. Recommendations: Nurses are encouraged to integrate back massage into routine nursing care to enhance patient comfort and quality of life, while future studies should involve larger samples and multiple healthcare settings. Additional Data: Back massage is a safe, low-cost, non-pharmacological intervention that is easy to implement and can support holistic nursing care for patients with chronic heart failure.